The survey data available in this page was summarized from a report by Timbol and Maciolek (1978). Their stated study objectives were to;

1. produce an inventory of all perennial streams of Hawaii that emphasizes significant channel modifications statewide by design type, size, age and geographic location;
2. assess the relevant environmental parameters that may influence the occurrence and abundance of native stream animals;
3. make an inventory of stream macrofauna, particularly that associated with modified channels;
4. discern one or more species whose presence indicates reasonably pristine conditions.

Methods

In the Timbol and Maciolek survey, a stream is defined as surface water flowing in a discrete channel or channel system that discharges to the ocean at a single point. Thus, a given stream may have a single dominant channel or a complex of branching tributaries. Two classes of perennial streams are distinguished: Continuous streams flow naturally to the sea year-round under normal conditions; Interrupted streams have ecologically significant perennial water in their upper watercourses and intermittent flow in their channels at low elevation. Interrupted streams discharge into the sea occasionally during the wet seasons. These terms are applied both to mainstream and named tributaries.

Stream Survey

A list of streams was prepared from USGS quadrangle maps of the various islands of the State. Channel modifications were identified from field surveys and from the 1975 Real Estate Atlas. Total lengths of channelized streams were estimated by measurement of the watercourses drawn on the USGS quadrangle maps and field checked. Lengths of altered channel sections were determined by measurement from the Real Estate Atlas whenever possible. Roadways crossing stream channels, which include heavy-duty, medium-duty, light-duty, and unimproved dirt roads but not hiking trails, came from USGS topographic quad sheets (1957, 1963).

References Cited

Timbol,A.S. and J.A. Maciolek. 1978. Stream Channel Modification in Hawaii, Part A: Statewide Inventory of Streams; Habitat Factors and Associated Biota. FWS/OBS-78/16 April 1978, Hawaii Cooperative Fisheries Unit, University of Hawaii, Contract No. 14-16-0008-1199, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.

Stream Monitoring	GIS	Stream Surveys	Aquatic Organisms	Conference Papers	Islands Survey